Orangeville Course

The various organizations that oversee electricity reliability in North America
have been in existence for decades, with oversight provided by the North
American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC). NERC’s mission is to ensure
that the bulk electric system in North America is reliable, adequate, and
secure. In 1997, NERC developed a set of Operating and Planning standards for
use throughout the North American industry (NERC Planning Standards, Part II
System Modeling Data Requirements, approved by Board of Trustees, September 16,
1997). These Planning Standards included rules for the routine verification of
generating unit performance and mathematical models.

COURSE DURATION: 4 Days

DATES: March 17 – 20, 2025

Cost: $3,250 per person

Location: Orangeville, ON Best Western Plus Orangeville Inn &
Suites 7 Buena Vista Drive Orangeville, ON, L9W 0A2 Guest room reservations can
be made either online by using the booking link below or by calling the hotel
directly at 1-866-216-1988 or 519-941-3311 and the front desk agents will be
happy to assist. The cut off for booking is February 16th.
https://www.bestwestern.com/en_US/book/hotel-rooms.66099.html?groupId=R51NS0C3

AT A GLANCE: The course is designed for engineers and
technicians and will cover the theory and practical aspects of testing,
modeling, and operation of conventional synchronous generators as well as
renewable generation with a focus on NERC and regional regulatory compliance
standards.

MORE BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Compliance with NERC standards was made mandatory and enforceable in the US and
Canada in 2006. The NERC standards which are the subject of this short training
course were approved by NERC and Industry in December 2012. The technical
standards that are the topic of this short training program are the following:

MOD-025: Verification of Generator Gross and Net Reactive Power
Capability

MOD-026: Verifications of Models and Data for Generator
Excitation System Functions

MOD-027: Verification of Generator Unit Frequency Response
(Governor Controls)

PRC-019: Coordination of Generator Voltage Regulator Controls
with Unit Capabilities and Protection

PRC-024: Generator Performance During Frequency and Voltage
Excursions

ISO Specific Rules for Generator Owners: (IESO/AESO…based on
attendee details)

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

The Kestrel Generation Controls course is designed to instruct plant engineers
and technicians on the core concepts of utility generators and associated
control systems with the goal of familiarizing technical utility staff with the
requirements of the latest NERC regulations and helping them identify their role
in meeting these requirements within their organization. The material is
tailored to cover the specific systems, configurations, and operating scenarios
associated with the attendees. Each requirement will be reviewed using the
following approach:

• Review technical background material necessary to understand the topic and
  provide references for further study
• Review the latest version of the applicable standard along with regional
  interpretations of the requirements
• Discuss methods of meeting technical requirements
• Perform sample calculations, exercises, and simulations illustrating the
  technical issues and test methods

The course provides classroom-based instruction and utilizes a comprehensive
computer-based course manual and a generator controls simulation software
package. This software package allows each attendee to perform interactive
simulation exercises related to various course topics, such as Generator
Reactive Capability, Generator Voltage Control, Auto Voltage Regulator Tuning,
Power System Stabilizer Operation, and others. The simulations utilize accurate
generator and control system models, allowing the user to adjust settings, alter
system configurations, and control operation while viewing the simulated
response on graphs and meters. The interactive simulations are an excellent
means of better understanding the practical application of the course material.

Course Outline

MODULE 1: REACTIVE POWER CAPABILITY

• Review of Basic Power System Concepts
  • Basic concepts governing synchronously operating power systems
  • The power system and control
  • Power transfer in AC systems
• Generators
  • Energy conversion and the synchronous generator
  • Off-line and online operation
  • Reactive capability
  • Physical limitations of generator and auxiliary equipment
  • Voltage versus reactive limitations
  • Considerations for Inverter Based and other Renewable Resources (Wind,
    Solar, BESS)
• MOD-025 Confirmation of Reactive Capability
  • Practical test guidelines for single and multi-unit plants
  • Review of MOD 025 form and regional variations
  • Review of common issues and mistakes

MODULE 2: EXCITATION SYSTEM/VOLTAGE CONTROL PERFORMANCE AND MODELING

• Excitation/Voltage Regulation System Design
  • Excitation requirements imposed by the generator and by the power
    system.
  • Common designs: bus-fed static, rotating DC systems, rotating AC systems
  • Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR) reactive current compensation
  • Overview of the voltage regulation of renewable generation
• Power System Stability and Stabilizers
  • Effect of excitation system on stability
  • Functional design of common stabilizers
• MOD-026 Confirmation of Voltage Regulator Models and Performance
  • Test instrumentation and procedures
  • Documentation requirements
  • ISO imposed performance (tuning and testing)

MODULE 3: COORDINATION OF PROTECTION, LIMITERS WITH GENERATOR CAPABILITY

• Generator and Auxiliary Capability
  • Over-voltage and V/Hz capability
  • Limited time field winding limits
  • Under-excited limitations
• Excitation Limiters
  • Over-excitation limiters
  • Under-excitation limiters
• Protective Relays
  • Multi-function digital versus discrete relays
  • Fault versus overload relays
• PRC-019/-024/-025
  • Excitation limiters and relation to generator and system capability
  • Coordinating excitation limiters and protective relays
  • Voltage and Frequency Ride-Through requirements
  • Test and documentation requirements

MODULE 4: VERIFICATION OF GENERATOR UNIT FREQUENCY RESPONSE (GOVERNOR
CONTROLS)

• Prime Movers
  • Common elements of utility prime movers
  • Steam, gas, hydraulic, and wind turbines
• Frequency Control and Governors
  • Speed governing of utility generation » Governor designs
  • Permanent droop and deadband
  • Automatic generation control
  • Overview of the frequency control of renewable generation
• MOD-027 Verification of Unit Frequency Response
  • Methods of confirming frequency response (disturbance recording, staged
    tests)
  • Models of turbine governors/plant controllers and documentation
    requirements

Course Information:

Start: March 17, 2025 @ 8:00am

End: March 20, 2025 @ 5:00pm

Location: Toronto (Orangeville), Ontario, Canada

Includes: Computer Based Instruction and Student Exercise
Manuals Simulation Software Package, lunch and morning and afternoon coffee.

Does Not Include: Hotel and Travel costs; Computer. Attendees
will be required to install training software in advance of the first session
and bring their own laptop. To Register:

Contact: Liz Diehl

Phone: (416) 317 – 6711

Email: liz@entrustsol.com

Cost: $3,250 per person (Group rates available)

Cancellation Policy: Kestrel reserves the right to cancel the
course and notify attendees 30 days in advance of the scheduled start date.